Liquid Staking

1use solana_program::{
2    program_pack::{IsInitialized, Pack, Sealed},
3    pubkey::Pubkey,
4};
5
6#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
7pub struct StakePool {
8    /// Protocol version for upgrade management
9    pub version: u8,
10    
11    /// Manager authority for admin operations
12    pub manager: Pubkey,
13    
14    /// Staker authority for validator management
15    pub staker: Pubkey,
16    
17    /// Withdraw authority for stake accounts
18    pub withdraw_authority: Pubkey,
19    
20    /// Validator list storage account
21    pub validator_list: Pubkey,
22    
23    /// Reserve stake account
24    pub reserve_stake: Pubkey,
25    
26    /// Pool token mint
27    pub pool_mint: Pubkey,
28    
29    /// Manager fee account
30    pub manager_fee_account: Pubkey,
31    
32    /// Total pool stake in lamports
33    pub total_lamports: u64,
34    
35    /// Total supply of pool tokens
36    pub pool_token_supply: u64,
37    
38    /// Last epoch stake pool was updated
39    pub last_update_epoch: u64,
40    
41    /// Fee schedule
42    pub fee_schedule: FeeSchedule,
43    
44    /// Protocol state
45    pub state: ProtocolState,
46}
47
48impl Sealed for StakePool {}
49
50impl Pack for StakePool {
51    const LEN: usize = 165; // Calculated size
52
53    fn pack_into_slice(&self, dst: &mut [u8]) {
54        let mut cursor = std::io::Cursor::new(dst);
55        bincode::serialize_into(&mut cursor, self).unwrap();
56    }
57
58    fn unpack_from_slice(src: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
59        let pool: StakePool = bincode::deserialize(src)
60            .map_err(|_| ProgramError::InvalidAccountData)?;
61        Ok(pool)
62    }
63}

1#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
2pub enum StakePoolInstruction {
3    /// Initialize a new stake pool
4    Initialize {
5        fee_schedule: FeeSchedule,
6    },
7    
8    /// Add liquidity to the pool
9    Deposit {
10        amount: u64,
11    },
12    
13    /// Remove liquidity from the pool
14    Withdraw {
15        amount: u64,
16    },
17    
18    /// Update validator list
19    UpdateValidatorList {
20        validators: Vec<Pubkey>,
21    },
22    
23    /// Update pool balance and collect rewards
24    UpdatePoolBalance,
25    
26    /// Emergency operations
27    EmergencyOperation {
28        operation_type: EmergencyOperationType,
29    },
30}
31
32pub fn process_instruction(
33    program_id: &Pubkey,
34    accounts: &[AccountInfo],
35    instruction_data: &[u8],
36) -> ProgramResult {
37    let instruction = StakePoolInstruction::try_from_slice(instruction_data)?;
38    
39    match instruction {
40        StakePoolInstruction::Initialize { fee_schedule } => {
41            process_initialize(program_id, accounts, fee_schedule)
42        }
43        StakePoolInstruction::Deposit { amount } => {
44            process_deposit(program_id, accounts, amount)
45        }
46        StakePoolInstruction::Withdraw { amount } => {
47            process_withdraw(program_id, accounts, amount)
48        }
49        StakePoolInstruction::UpdateValidatorList { validators } => {
50            process_update_validator_list(program_id, accounts, validators)
51        }
52        StakePoolInstruction::UpdatePoolBalance => {
53            process_update_pool_balance(program_id, accounts)
54        }
55        StakePoolInstruction::EmergencyOperation { operation_type } => {
56            process_emergency_operation(program_id, accounts, operation_type)
57        }
58    }
59}

1pub fn validate_stake_pool_accounts(
2    program_id: &Pubkey,
3    stake_pool: &AccountInfo,
4    validator_list: &AccountInfo,
5    pool_mint: &AccountInfo,
6    authority: &AccountInfo,
7) -> ProgramResult {
8    // Verify account ownership
9    if stake_pool.owner != program_id {
10        return Err(ProgramError::IncorrectProgramId);
11    }
12    
13    // Verify account data
14    let pool_data = StakePool::try_from_slice(&stake_pool.data.borrow())?;
15    
16    // Verify authority
17    if authority.key != &pool_data.manager {
18        return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidAuthority.into());
19    }
20    
21    // Verify validator list
22    if validator_list.key != &pool_data.validator_list {
23        return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidValidatorList.into());
24    }
25    
26    // Verify pool mint
27    if pool_mint.key != &pool_data.pool_mint {
28        return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidPoolMint.into());
29    }
30    
31    Ok(())
32}
33
34pub fn create_program_address(
35    program_id: &Pubkey,
36    seeds: &[&[u8]],
37) -> Result<Pubkey, ProgramError> {
38    Pubkey::create_program_address(seeds, program_id)
39        .map_err(|_| ProgramError::InvalidSeeds)
40}
41
42pub fn find_stake_program_address(
43    program_id: &Pubkey,
44    validator_list: &Pubkey,
45    stake_pool: &Pubkey,
46) -> (Pubkey, u8) {
47    Pubkey::find_program_address(
48        &[
49            validator_list.as_ref(),
50            stake_pool.as_ref(),
51        ],
52        program_id,
53    )
54}

1import { 
2    Token,
3    TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
4    MintLayout,
5    AccountLayout,
6} from '@solana/spl-token'
7import { Connection, Keypair, PublicKey, SystemProgram } from '@solana/web3.js'
8
9async function initializeStakeToken(
10    connection: Connection,
11    payer: Keypair,
12    authority: PublicKey,
13) {
14    // Calculate space and rent
15    const mintRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
16        MintLayout.span
17    )
18    
19    // Generate mint account
20    const mintAccount = Keypair.generate()
21    
22    // Create mint account
23    const createMintAccountIx = SystemProgram.createAccount({
24        fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
25        newAccountPubkey: mintAccount.publicKey,
26        lamports: mintRent,
27        space: MintLayout.span,
28        programId: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
29    })
30    
31    // Initialize mint
32    const initMintIx = Token.createInitMintInstruction(
33        TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
34        mintAccount.publicKey,
35        9, // 9 decimals to match SOL
36        authority,
37        authority, // Freeze authority (optional)
38    )
39    
40    // Create and send transaction
41    const tx = new Transaction()
42        .add(createMintAccountIx)
43        .add(initMintIx)
44    
45    await connection.sendTransaction(tx, [payer, mintAccount])
46    
47    return mintAccount.publicKey
48}

1#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
2pub struct ExchangeRate {
3    /// Total SOL (including rewards)
4    pub total_sol: u64,
5    
6    /// Total stSOL supply
7    pub total_st_sol: u64,
8    
9    /// Last update epoch
10    pub last_update_epoch: u64,
11}
12
13impl ExchangeRate {
14    pub fn calculate_rate(&self) -> Result<f64, ProgramError> {
15        if self.total_st_sol == 0 {
16            return Ok(1.0);
17        }
18        
19        Ok(self.total_sol as f64 / self.total_st_sol as f64)
20    }
21    
22    pub fn sol_to_st_sol(&self, sol_amount: u64) -> Result<u64, ProgramError> {
23        let rate = self.calculate_rate()?;
24        Ok((sol_amount as f64 / rate) as u64)
25    }
26    
27    pub fn st_sol_to_sol(&self, st_sol_amount: u64) -> Result<u64, ProgramError> {
28        let rate = self.calculate_rate()?;
29        Ok((st_sol_amount as f64 * rate) as u64)
30    }
31    
32    pub fn update_with_rewards(
33        &mut self,
34        rewards: u64,
35        epoch: u64,
36    ) -> ProgramResult {
37        // Add rewards to total SOL
38        self.total_sol = self.total_sol
39            .checked_add(rewards)
40            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
41            
42        // Update epoch
43        self.last_update_epoch = epoch;
44        
45        Ok(())
46    }
47}

1pub struct TokenManager {
2    /// Pool token mint
3    pub pool_mint: Pubkey,
4    
5    /// Mint authority
6    pub mint_authority: Pubkey,
7    
8    /// Exchange rate
9    pub exchange_rate: ExchangeRate,
10}
11
12impl TokenManager {
13    pub fn mint_tokens(
14        &self,
15        amount: u64,
16        destination: &Pubkey,
17    ) -> ProgramResult {
18        // Calculate token amount based on exchange rate
19        let token_amount = self.exchange_rate
20            .sol_to_st_sol(amount)?;
21            
22        // Create mint instruction
23        let mint_ix = spl_token::instruction::mint_to(
24            &spl_token::id(),
25            &self.pool_mint,
26            destination,
27            &self.mint_authority,
28            &[],
29            token_amount,
30        )?;
31        
32        // Process instruction
33        invoke_signed(
34            &mint_ix,
35            &[/* account infos */],
36            &[/* seeds */],
37        )?;
38        
39        Ok(())
40    }
41    
42    pub fn burn_tokens(
43        &self,
44        token_amount: u64,
45        source: &Pubkey,
46    ) -> ProgramResult {
47        // Calculate SOL amount based on exchange rate
48        let sol_amount = self.exchange_rate
49            .st_sol_to_sol(token_amount)?;
50            
51        // Create burn instruction
52        let burn_ix = spl_token::instruction::burn(
53            &spl_token::id(),
54            source,
55            &self.pool_mint,
56            &self.mint_authority,
57            &[],
58            token_amount,
59        )?;
60        
61        // Process instruction
62        invoke_signed(
63            &burn_ix,
64            &[/* account infos */],
65            &[/* seeds */],
66        )?;
67        
68        Ok(())
69    }
70}

1pub struct ValidatorScore {
2    /// Vote account address
3    pub vote_account: Pubkey,
4    
5    /// Base score (0-100)
6    pub base_score: u8,
7    
8    /// Performance metrics
9    pub performance: ValidatorPerformance,
10    
11    /// Risk metrics
12    pub risk_score: ValidatorRisk,
13}
14
15#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
16pub struct ValidatorPerformance {
17    /// Uptime percentage (0-100)
18    pub uptime: u8,
19    
20    /// Average skip rate
21    pub skip_rate: f64,
22    
23    /// Commission percentage
24    pub commission: u8,
25    
26    /// Stake concentration
27    pub stake_concentration: f64,
28    
29    /// Historical performance score
30    pub historical_performance: u8,
31}
32
33impl ValidatorScore {
34    pub fn calculate_score(&self) -> u8 {
35        let mut score = self.base_score;
36        
37        // Adjust for performance
38        score = score
39            .checked_mul(self.performance.uptime)
40            .unwrap_or(0)
41            .checked_div(100)
42            .unwrap_or(0);
43            
44        // Penalize for high skip rate
45        if self.performance.skip_rate > 0.01 {
46            score = score.saturating_sub(10);
47        }
48        
49        // Penalize for high commission
50        if self.performance.commission > 10 {
51            score = score.saturating_sub(
52                self.performance.commission.saturating_sub(10)
53            );
54        }
55        
56        // Penalize for stake concentration
57        if self.performance.stake_concentration > 0.1 {
58            score = score.saturating_sub(10);
59        }
60        
61        score
62    }
63}

1pub struct StakeManager {
2    /// Stake pool
3    pub stake_pool: Pubkey,
4    
5    /// Validator list
6    pub validator_list: Pubkey,
7    
8    /// Reserve stake account
9    pub reserve_stake: Pubkey,
10    
11    /// Stake authority
12    pub stake_authority: Pubkey,
13}
14
15impl StakeManager {
16    pub fn create_validator_stake_account(
17        &self,
18        program_id: &Pubkey,
19        validator: &Pubkey,
20        seed: &[u8],
21    ) -> Result<Pubkey, ProgramError> {
22        let (stake_account, _) = Pubkey::find_program_address(
23            &[
24                validator.as_ref(),
25                seed,
26            ],
27            program_id,
28        );
29        
30        Ok(stake_account)
31    }
32    
33    pub fn delegate_stake(
34        &self,
35        stake_account: &Pubkey,
36        validator_vote: &Pubkey,
37        amount: u64,
38    ) -> ProgramResult {
39        // Create stake account if needed
40        let create_stake_ix = system_instruction::create_account(
41            &self.stake_pool,
42            stake_account,
43            amount,
44            std::mem::size_of::<StakeState>() as u64,
45            &stake::program::id(),
46        );
47        
48        // Initialize stake account
49        let init_stake_ix = stake::instruction::initialize(
50            stake_account,
51            &stake::state::Authorized {
52                staker: self.stake_authority,
53                withdrawer: self.stake_authority,
54            },
55            &stake::state::Lockup::default(),
56        );
57        
58        // Delegate stake
59        let delegate_ix = stake::instruction::delegate_stake(
60            stake_account,
61            &self.stake_authority,
62            validator_vote,
63        );
64        
65        // Process instructions
66        invoke_signed(
67            &create_stake_ix,
68            &[/* account infos */],
69            &[/* seeds */],
70        )?;
71        
72        invoke_signed(
73            &init_stake_ix,
74            &[/* account infos */],
75            &[/* seeds */],
76        )?;
77        
78        invoke_signed(
79            &delegate_ix,
80            &[/* account infos */],
81            &[/* seeds */],
82        )?;
83        
84        Ok(())
85    }
86    
87    pub fn rebalance_stakes(
88        &self,
89        validators: &[ValidatorStakeInfo],
90        target_stake: u64,
91    ) -> ProgramResult {
92        for validator in validators {
93            let current_stake = validator.active_stake_lamports;
94            
95            if current_stake > target_stake {
96                // Decrease stake
97                self.decrease_validator_stake(
98                    &validator.vote_account_address,
99                    current_stake - target_stake,
100                )?;
101            } else if current_stake < target_stake {
102                // Increase stake
103                self.increase_validator_stake(
104                    &validator.vote_account_address,
105                    target_stake - current_stake,
106                )?;
107            }
108        }
109        
110        Ok(())
111    }
112}

1pub struct ValidatorMonitor {
2    /// Performance thresholds
3    pub thresholds: MonitorThresholds,
4    
5    /// Historical performance data
6    pub history: ValidatorHistory,
7}
8
9impl ValidatorMonitor {
10    pub fn update_performance(
11        &mut self,
12        validator: &Pubkey,
13        epoch_stats: &EpochStats,
14    ) -> ValidatorStatus {
15        // Calculate performance metrics
16        let uptime = calculate_uptime(epoch_stats);
17        let skip_rate = calculate_skip_rate(epoch_stats);
18        let apy = calculate_apy(epoch_stats);
19        
20        // Update historical data
21        self.history.update(validator, epoch_stats);
22        
23        // Check against thresholds
24        if uptime < self.thresholds.min_uptime {
25            return ValidatorStatus::Delinquent;
26        }
27        
28        if skip_rate > self.thresholds.max_skip_rate {
29            return ValidatorStatus::Delinquent;
30        }
31        
32        if apy < self.thresholds.min_apy {
33            return ValidatorStatus::Underperforming;
34        }
35        
36        ValidatorStatus::Active
37    }
38    
39    pub fn handle_validator_emergency(
40        &self,
41        stake_pool: &mut StakePool,
42        validator: &Pubkey,
43    ) -> ProgramResult {
44        // Move stake to emergency reserve
45        stake_pool.emergency_unstake(validator)?;
46        
47        // Mark validator as emergency
48        stake_pool.update_validator_status(
49            validator,
50            ValidatorStatus::Emergency,
51        )?;
52        
53        // Emit emergency event
54        emit!(ValidatorEmergency {
55            stake_pool: stake_pool.pubkey(),
56            validator: *validator,
57            timestamp: Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp,
58        });
59        
60        Ok(())
61    }
62}

1pub struct RewardCollector {
2    /// Stake pool
3    pub stake_pool: Pubkey,
4    
5    /// Reserve stake account
6    pub reserve_stake: Pubkey,
7    
8    /// Fee account
9    pub fee_account: Pubkey,
10    
11    /// Collection thresholds
12    pub thresholds: CollectionThresholds,
13}
14
15impl RewardCollector {
16    pub fn collect_validator_rewards(
17        &self,
18        validator_list: &[ValidatorStakeInfo],
19    ) -> ProgramResult {
20        let mut total_rewards = 0;
21        
22        for validator in validator_list {
23            // Get stake account
24            let stake_account = self.get_validator_stake_account(
25                &validator.vote_account_address,
26            )?;
27            
28            // Calculate rewards
29            let rewards = calculate_stake_rewards(&stake_account)?;
30            
31            if rewards > self.thresholds.min_collection_amount {
32                // Withdraw rewards to reserve
33                self.withdraw_stake_rewards(
34                    &stake_account,
35                    &self.reserve_stake,
36                    rewards,
37                )?;
38                
39                total_rewards = total_rewards
40                    .checked_add(rewards)
41                    .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
42            }
43        }
44        
45        // Update pool metrics
46        self.update_pool_metrics(total_rewards)?;
47        
48        // Emit collection event
49        emit!(RewardsCollected {
50            stake_pool: self.stake_pool,
51            total_rewards,
52            epoch: Clock::get()?.epoch,
53        });
54        
55        Ok(())
56    }
57    
58    fn withdraw_stake_rewards(
59        &self,
60        stake_account: &Pubkey,
61        reserve_stake: &Pubkey,
62        amount: u64,
63    ) -> ProgramResult {
64        // Create withdraw instruction
65        let withdraw_ix = stake::instruction::withdraw(
66            stake_account,
67            &self.stake_pool,
68            reserve_stake,
69            amount,
70            &[/* additional signers */],
71        );
72        
73        // Process instruction
74        invoke_signed(
75            &withdraw_ix,
76            &[/* account infos */],
77            &[/* seeds */],
78        )?;
79        
80        Ok(())
81    }
82}

1pub struct RewardDistributor {
2    /// Distribution frequency (epochs)
3    pub distribution_frequency: u64,
4    
5    /// Last distribution epoch
6    pub last_distribution: u64,
7    
8    /// Minimum distribution amount
9    pub min_distribution: u64,
10    
11    /// Fee schedule
12    pub fee_schedule: FeeSchedule,
13}
14
15impl RewardDistributor {
16    pub fn distribute_rewards(
17        &mut self,
18        stake_pool: &mut StakePool,
19        total_rewards: u64,
20    ) -> ProgramResult {
21        let current_epoch = Clock::get()?.epoch;
22        
23        // Check if distribution is needed
24        if current_epoch.saturating_sub(self.last_distribution)
25            < self.distribution_frequency {
26            return Ok(());
27        }
28        
29        // Check minimum distribution
30        if total_rewards < self.min_distribution {
31            return Ok(());
32        }
33        
34        // Calculate fees
35        let fees = self.fee_schedule.calculate_reward_fees(total_rewards)?;
36        let protocol_fee = fees.protocol_fee;
37        let treasury_fee = fees.treasury_fee;
38        
39        // Calculate net rewards
40        let net_rewards = total_rewards
41            .checked_sub(protocol_fee)?
42            .checked_sub(treasury_fee)?;
43            
44        // Update exchange rate
45        stake_pool.exchange_rate.update_with_rewards(
46            net_rewards,
47            current_epoch,
48        )?;
49        
50        // Transfer fees
51        self.transfer_protocol_fee(protocol_fee)?;
52        self.transfer_treasury_fee(treasury_fee)?;
53        
54        // Update distribution state
55        self.last_distribution = current_epoch;
56        
57        // Emit distribution event
58        emit!(RewardsDistributed {
59            stake_pool: stake_pool.pubkey(),
60            total_rewards,
61            net_rewards,
62            protocol_fee,
63            treasury_fee,
64            epoch: current_epoch,
65        });
66        
67        Ok(())
68    }
69}

1#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
2pub struct FeeSchedule {
3    /// Protocol fee percentage (0-100)
4    pub protocol_fee: u8,
5    
6    /// Treasury fee percentage (0-100)
7    pub treasury_fee: u8,
8    
9    /// Validator commission (0-100)
10    pub validator_commission: u8,
11}
12
13impl FeeSchedule {
14    pub fn calculate_reward_fees(
15        &self,
16        reward_amount: u64,
17    ) -> Result<FeeBreakdown, ProgramError> {
18        // Calculate protocol fee
19        let protocol_fee = (reward_amount as u128)
20            .checked_mul(self.protocol_fee as u128)
21            .and_then(|r| r.checked_div(100))
22            .and_then(|r| u64::try_from(r).ok())
23            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
24            
25        // Calculate treasury fee
26        let treasury_fee = (reward_amount as u128)
27            .checked_mul(self.treasury_fee as u128)
28            .and_then(|r| r.checked_div(100))
29            .and_then(|r| u64::try_from(r).ok())
30            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
31            
32        // Calculate validator commission
33        let validator_commission = (reward_amount as u128)
34            .checked_mul(self.validator_commission as u128)
35            .and_then(|r| r.checked_div(100))
36            .and_then(|r| u64::try_from(r).ok())
37            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
38            
39        Ok(FeeBreakdown {
40            protocol_fee,
41            treasury_fee,
42            validator_commission,
43        })
44    }
45    
46    pub fn update_fee_schedule(
47        &mut self,
48        new_schedule: FeeSchedule,
49        authority: &AccountInfo,
50    ) -> ProgramResult {
51        // Verify fee authority
52        verify_fee_authority(authority)?;
53        
54        // Validate new fees
55        if !new_schedule.is_valid() {
56            return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidFeeSchedule.into());
57        }
58        
59        // Update fees
60        *self = new_schedule;
61        
62        // Emit fee update event
63        emit!(FeeScheduleUpdated {
64            protocol_fee: self.protocol_fee,
65            treasury_fee: self.treasury_fee,
66            validator_commission: self.validator_commission,
67        });
68        
69        Ok(())
70    }
71}

1#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
2pub enum AuthorityType {
3    Manager,    // Protocol admin
4    Staker,     // Validator management
5    Depositor,  // User deposits
6    Emergency,  // Emergency operations
7}
8
9pub struct AccessControl {
10    /// Manager authority (protocol admin)
11    pub manager: Pubkey,
12    
13    /// Staker authority (validator management)
14    pub staker: Pubkey,
15    
16    /// Emergency authority
17    pub emergency: Pubkey,
18    
19    /// Pending authority changes
20    pub pending_authorities: Option<PendingAuthorities>,
21}
22
23impl AccessControl {
24    pub fn verify_authority(
25        &self,
26        authority: &AccountInfo,
27        authority_type: AuthorityType,
28    ) -> ProgramResult {
29        // Verify authority is a signer
30        if !authority.is_signer {
31            return Err(StakePoolError::SignatureMissing.into());
32        }
33
34        // Verify authority matches expected
35        match authority_type {
36            AuthorityType::Manager => {
37                if authority.key != &self.manager {
38                    return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidManagerAuthority.into());
39                }
40            }
41            AuthorityType::Staker => {
42                if authority.key != &self.staker {
43                    return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidStakerAuthority.into());
44                }
45            }
46            AuthorityType::Emergency => {
47                if authority.key != &self.emergency {
48                    return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidEmergencyAuthority.into());
49                }
50            }
51            _ => return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidAuthorityType.into()),
52        }
53
54        Ok(())
55    }
56}

1pub struct EmergencyModule {
2    /// Emergency authority
3    pub emergency_authority: Pubkey,
4    
5    /// Protocol state
6    pub state: ProtocolState,
7    
8    /// Emergency timelock
9    pub timelock: u64,
10    
11    /// Required confirmations
12    pub required_confirmations: u8,
13}
14
15impl EmergencyModule {
16    pub fn initiate_emergency_shutdown(
17        &mut self,
18        authority: &AccountInfo,
19        reason: EmergencyReason,
20    ) -> ProgramResult {
21        // Verify emergency authority
22        self.verify_emergency_authority(authority)?;
23        
24        // Update protocol state
25        self.state = ProtocolState::Emergency;
26        
27        // Start timelock
28        self.timelock = Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp;
29        
30        // Emit emergency event
31        emit!(EmergencyShutdown {
32            authority: *authority.key,
33            reason,
34            timestamp: self.timelock,
35        });
36        
37        Ok(())
38    }
39    
40    pub fn process_emergency_unstake(
41        &mut self,
42        stake_pool: &mut StakePool,
43        validator: &Pubkey,
44    ) -> ProgramResult {
45        // Verify emergency state
46        if self.state != ProtocolState::Emergency {
47            return Err(StakePoolError::InvalidState.into());
48        }
49        
50        // Verify timelock has passed
51        let current_time = Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp;
52        if current_time < self.timelock + EMERGENCY_TIMELOCK_DURATION {
53            return Err(StakePoolError::TimelockNotExpired.into());
54        }
55        
56        // Process unstake
57        stake_pool.emergency_unstake(validator)?;
58        
59        Ok(())
60    }
61}

1pub struct RateLimiter {
2    /// Maximum deposits per epoch
3    pub max_epoch_deposits: u64,
4    
5    /// Maximum withdrawals per epoch
6    pub max_epoch_withdrawals: u64,
7    
8    /// Current epoch stats
9    pub epoch_stats: EpochStats,
10}
11
12impl RateLimiter {
13    pub fn check_deposit_limit(
14        &self,
15        amount: u64,
16    ) -> ProgramResult {
17        let current_epoch_deposits = self.epoch_stats
18            .total_deposits
19            .checked_add(amount)
20            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
21
22        if current_epoch_deposits > self.max_epoch_deposits {
23            return Err(StakePoolError::DepositLimitExceeded.into());
24        }
25
26        Ok(())
27    }
28
29    pub fn check_withdrawal_limit(
30        &self,
31        amount: u64,
32    ) -> ProgramResult {
33        let current_epoch_withdrawals = self.epoch_stats
34            .total_withdrawals
35            .checked_add(amount)
36            .ok_or(StakePoolError::CalculationFailure)?;
37
38        if current_epoch_withdrawals > self.max_epoch_withdrawals {
39            return Err(StakePoolError::WithdrawalLimitExceeded.into());
40        }
41
42        Ok(())
43    }
44}

1pub struct SlashingProtection {
2    /// Slashing threshold
3    pub slashing_threshold: u64,
4    
5    /// Emergency unstake threshold
6    pub emergency_threshold: u64,
7    
8    /// Recovery pool
9    pub recovery_pool: Pubkey,
10}
11
12impl SlashingProtection {
13    pub fn handle_slashing_event(
14        &self,
15        stake_pool: &mut StakePool,
16        validator: &Pubkey,
17        slash_amount: u64,
18    ) -> ProgramResult {
19        // Calculate slash percentage
20        let slash_percentage = (slash_amount * 100) / stake_pool.total_lamports;
21        
22        if slash_percentage >= self.emergency_threshold {
23            // Emergency unstake all funds
24            stake_pool.emergency_unstake(validator)?;
25        } else if slash_percentage >= self.slashing_threshold {
26            // Partial unstake
27            stake_pool.partial_unstake(
28                validator,
29                slash_amount * 2, // Extra safety margin
30            )?;
31        }
32        
33        // Move slashed amount to recovery pool
34        stake_pool.transfer_to_recovery_pool(
35            validator,
36            slash_amount,
37        )?;
38        
39        Ok(())
40    }
41}

1#[cfg(test)]
2mod tests {
3    use super::*;
4    use solana_program_test::*;
5    use solana_sdk::signature::Signer;
6
7    #[tokio::test]
8    async fn test_initialize_stake_pool() {
9        // Create program test environment
10        let program_test = ProgramTest::new(
11            "my_stake_pool",
12            id(),
13            processor!(process_instruction),
14        );
15        
16        let (mut banks_client, payer, recent_blockhash) = program_test.start().await;
17        
18        // Generate necessary keypairs
19        let stake_pool_keypair = Keypair::new();
20        let validator_list_keypair = Keypair::new();
21        let pool_mint_keypair = Keypair::new();
22        
23        // Create initialization instruction
24        let init_ix = initialize_stake_pool(
25            &id(),
26            &stake_pool_keypair.pubkey(),
27            &validator_list_keypair.pubkey(),
28            &pool_mint_keypair.pubkey(),
29            &payer.pubkey(),
30            &FeeSchedule::default(),
31        );
32        
33        // Create and sign transaction
34        let mut transaction = Transaction::new_with_payer(
35            &[init_ix],
36            Some(&payer.pubkey()),
37        );
38        transaction.sign(
39            &[&payer, &stake_pool_keypair],
40            recent_blockhash,
41        );
42        
43        // Submit and confirm transaction
44        banks_client
45            .process_transaction(transaction)
46            .await
47            .unwrap();
48            
49        // Verify initialization
50        let stake_pool = get_stake_pool(&mut banks_client, &stake_pool_keypair.pubkey())
51            .await
52            .unwrap();
53            
54        assert!(stake_pool.is_initialized);
55        assert_eq!(stake_pool.total_lamports, 0);
56    }
57
58    #[tokio::test]
59    async fn test_deposit() {
60        // Test setup
61        let (mut banks_client, stake_pool, user) = setup_stake_pool().await;
62        
63        // Create deposit instruction
64        let deposit_amount = 1_000_000_000; // 1 SOL
65        let deposit_ix = deposit(
66            &id(),
67            &stake_pool.pubkey(),
68            &user.pubkey(),
69            deposit_amount,
70        );
71        
72        // Execute deposit
73        let result = execute_transaction(
74            &mut banks_client,
75            deposit_ix,
76            &[&user],
77        ).await;
78        
79        // Verify deposit
80        assert!(result.is_ok());
81        
82        let updated_pool = get_stake_pool(&mut banks_client, &stake_pool.pubkey())
83            .await
84            .unwrap();
85            
86        assert_eq!(
87            updated_pool.total_lamports,
88            deposit_amount,
89        );
90    }
91}